尤伟：我们都在印象主义画派中酝酿

You Wei: We are all brewing in the Impressionist School of Painting

       对于西方绘画来说我们还处于小学生阶段的水平,我国油画艺术从建国初期时大多只接触到俄罗斯画派,其也对我国西方绘画产生了质的影响。基本建国后的几批油画家都属于俄派画家,但是不能说全部是这样,也有留美、留法的一些画家回国给我国带来西方最先进的艺术。

For Western painting, we are still at the level of primary school students. Since the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, most of our oil painting art only came into contact with Russian painting schools, which also had a qualitative impact on our Western painting. Several groups of oil painter after the founding of the People's Republic of China belong to Russian painters, but not all of them can be said to be so. Some painters who have studied in the United States and France have returned to China to bring the most advanced western art.

       不管什么当代画派应该都有印象主义的影子,我国这个几乎零基础的小学生亦是如此!尤其是改革开放以来印象派就像一股洪流一样冲入我国的美术教育,使得今后的几十年我们培养美术人才都是以印象画派的技法参与教学,这就使得我们70与80后的美术生充分感受到印象主义画派的灵魂,在印象主义画派的氛围中成长起来。印象派从其出发到其壮大也像我们人的成长一样有着一个过程。在印象派最初的四人组里并没有后来被认为是印象派发起者的马奈,莫奈倒真是一直都在。也就是说除了莫奈,还包括西斯莱、雷诺阿以及巴齐耶他们才是印象派最初的四人组。他们真正意义上把画室放到了户外,以承上启下的方式逐渐脱离了古典主义画派的影响。

No matter what contemporary school of painting, there should be a shadow of Impressionism, and this is also the case with almost zero basic elementary school students in our country! In particular, since the reform and opening up, the Impressionism has rushed into our art education like a torrent, so that in the coming decades, we will train art talents to participate in teaching with the techniques of impressionism, which makes our post-70s and post-80s art students fully feel the soul of impressionism and grow up in the atmosphere of impressionism. The Impressionism also has a process from its start to its growth, just like the growth of our people.There was no Manet who was later considered as the initiator of Impressionism in the original foursome of Impressionism. Monet was really always there. That is to say, besides Monet, Sisley, Renoir and Bazier are also the first four members of Impressionism. They truly placed the studio outdoors, gradually breaking away from the influence of classical painting in a connecting way.

       那么为什么后来却认为马奈与莫奈成为了印象派的发起者呢?这是一个很有意思的问题。事实上,印象派最初的四人组的确有开拓印象派前期的行为与目的,比如对于风景的重视,但真正关于印象派绘画的形式大抵却是由马奈与莫奈所揭示的吧。也就是说从马奈开始才有了具体的印象主义清晰的理论支撑。

       今日我们所阅看的毕沙罗早期的作品《河岸洗衣妇》似乎恰好能说明这个道理。首先这幅作品是毕沙罗创作于 1855 的现实主义作品。若是从画面的画风来看,的确与印象派早期的作品有相似之处。很多印象派画家都是被枫丹白露森林的美景所吸引过去,在这群青年人中他们不想被传统所束缚,大概也就是年轻人才有的叛逆才使得印象主义画派酝酿起来。

So why did Manet and Monet later become the initiators of Impressionism? This is a very interesting question. In fact, the original foursome of Impressionism did indeed pioneer the behavior and purpose of Impressionism in the early stage, such as the emphasis on landscape, but the real form of Impressionism painting was revealed by Manet and Monet. That is to say, it was only from Manet that there was concrete and clear theoretical support for Impressionism.The early work "The Laundrywoman on the River Bank" that we are reading today seems to illustrate this truth. Firstly, this work is a realistic work created by Pissarro in 1855. From the perspective of painting style, it is indeed similar to the early works of Impressionism. Many Impressionism painters are attracted by the beautiful scenery of Fontainebleau Forest. Among these young people, they don't want to be bound by tradition. Maybe it is the rebellion of young talents that makes the impressionism school brew.

       总之,像法国巴比松画派的画一样,毕沙罗早期的现实主义作品早已具有了印象派早期作品的特征。这也是为什么我们经常会在巴比松画派抑或现实主义作品与印象派作品中很难区分的原因之一。其实这些都不太重要,我平时也不怎么非要把他们区分开,在我的眼里在那一时期的人或作品我都把他们当成印象主义画派,因为历史的真相固然重要但我更看重的却是他们在当今就给我们对艺术的启发。

       印象派演化的过程,大抵是如此的。先从绘画目标的变更开始,然后是绘画技术形式的变化,在这儿色彩正式走上了台面,再接着是更为深刻的变化,从客观的光影呈现到主观的色彩呈现。

In a word, like the paintings of Barbizon School in France, Pissarro's early realistic works already have the characteristics of the early works of Impressionism. This is one of the reasons why we often find it difficult to distinguish between Barbizon's paintings or realistic works and Impressionism's works. In fact, these are not very important, and I usually don't have to distinguish them. In my eyes, people or works from that period were all regarded as Impressionist painting,Because the truth of history is important, but what I value more is the inspiration they have given us to art today. The evolution of Impressionism is generally like this. Starting with the change in painting objectives, followed by the change in painting techniques and forms, where color has officially entered the stage, followed by more profound changes, from objective light and shadow presentation to subjective color presentation.

       主观即是客观对人大脑的刺激所形成,也是每个不同的人个体的展现。印象主义画派带给我们打破尘式的快感,使我们从教条主义中走出来,带领我们走向阳光下的温暖。

Subjectivity is the objective stimulation of the human brain, and it is also the manifestation of each different inpidual. The Impressionist school of painting brings us the pleasure of breaking through the dust, freeing us from dogmatism and leading us towards warmth under the sun.